Appendix A: Scales

Listed here are major and natural minor scales for each key. In some cases, I’ve listed scales that are enharmonically equivalent (that is, they are played on the same keys of the same piano, or the same frets of the guitar), such as C# major and Db major. In other cases, I have omitted scales (such as A# major) because they contain double-sharps and double-flats. These scales are so impractical that you need not worry about them.

Major Scales

A B C# D E F# G# A

Bb C D Eb F G A Bb

B C# D# E F# G# A# B
Cb Db Eb Fb Gb Ab Bb Cb

C D E F G A B C

C# D# E# F# G# A# B# C#
Db Eb F Gb Ab Bb C Db

D E F# G A B C# D

Eb F G Ab Bb C D Eb

E F# G# A B C# D# E

F G A Bb C D E F

F# G# A# B C# D# E# F#
Gb Ab Bb Cb Db Eb F Gb

G A B C D E F# G

Ab Bb C Db Eb F G Ab

Natural Minor Scales

A B C D E F G A

A# B# C# D# E# F# G# A#
Bb C Db Eb F Gb Ab Bb

B C# D E F# G A B

C D Eb F G Ab Bb C

C# D# E F# G# A B C#

D E F G A Bb C D

D# E# F# G# A# B C# D#
Eb F Gb Ab Bb Cb Db Eb

E F# G A B C D E

F G Ab Bb C Db Eb F

F# G# A B C# D E F#

G A Bb C D Eb F G

G# A# B C# D# E F# G#
Ab Bb Cb Db Eb Fb Gb Ab